IMPERATIVE
in Turkish
This form of the verb is used mainly for giving direct orders, requests, suggestions and in some cases warnings, or even a mixture of all these to a second person.
Some examples in English might be:
- Look at that (you). (order)
- Don't (you) leave your valuables in the car. (suggestion)
- Bring me another fork please. (request)
- Take us to Taksim Square. (order)
- (You) Be careful in the traffic. (warning)
Find the imperatives in the cartoons below and translate the sentences.
| tatlım | darling, honey |
| sakin olmak | to calm down |
| sakin ol ! | calm down! |
| izin vermek | to let, to allow |
| izin ver ! | let! |
| herşey-i | everything
(accusative c. ) |
| açıklamak | to explain |
| -(y)abilir- | can / be able to |
| açıkla-yabilir-im | I can explain |
| konuşmak | to speak |
| sürü | herd |
| nerede | where |
| ötmek | to squeal
( = say, inform )
to sing, to chirp
(bird) |
| bakalım | let's see |
| e-postalarını | * your emails |
| daha | more |
| sık | often |
| kontrol etmek | to check |
| kontrol et! | check! |
| seni | you
(accusative c. ) |
| iki | two |
| hafta | week |
| önce | ago |
| kov-du-m | I fired |
As you can see Formation of the Imperative for the second person singular (You - one person) ( in order to address friends or showing urgency) is just the basic verb stem after removing the Infinitive Sign -mek or -mak
But for the second person plural (You - more than one person) or for the second person singular (formal; to address strangers or being polite) you have to add a suffix try to find it in the next cartoon.
| Daha çok | more |
| egzersiz | exercise |
| yapmak | to do |
| -malı- | must / should |
| -sın | you |
| yapmalısın | you should do |
| Şimdi | now |
| dışarı | (to) out |
| çıkmak | to go out |
| çıkın! | go out!
(plural =for more than one person) |
| ve | and |
| bana | to me |
| bi | (spoken lang.) one |
| pizza | pizza |
| getirmek | to bring |
| getirin! | bring! |
For the second person plural (You - more than one person) or for the second person singular (formal; to address strangers or being polite) you have to add a suffix -ın /-in
For notices etc. or to be extra polite you have to add a suffix
-ınız /-iniz to the verb stem.
| İncil | the Bible |
| sayın | Mr. |
| başkan | president |
| el | hand |
| el in iz i | your(plural) hand Accusative case |
| İncilin | of the Bible |
| üstüne | onto |
| koymak | to put |
| koy-un | put |
SUMMARY
Vowel harmony operates on the Imperative Suffixes, so in order to grasp the vovel changes you need to master vovel harmony in Turkish. Look at the examples.
Imperative
| |
yazmak |
gelmek |
koşmak |
görmek |
okumak |
| you (singular) |
Verb stem |
yaz |
gel |
koş |
gör |
oku |
| you (plural or/and formal) |
Verb stem+ (y)In; |
yazın |
gelin |
koşun |
görün |
okuyun |
| you (more polite) |
Verb stem+ (y)InIz |
yazınız |
geliniz |
koşunuz |
görünüz |
okuyunuz |
You didn't realize but you have already begun learning
AND HAD SOME FUN:))
You are adults so you don't need to go over the same way as you did when you learned your native language we will show you the shortcuts to Turkish grammar.
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